Major Military Forces in the Asia - Pacific Region (Approximate Strength) Source JDF 2013
10 July 2013 Steve Herman - VOA
TOKYO — China and South Korea are criticizing the latest defense report released by Japan.
As the annual security white paper was released Tuesday, Japan's defense minister, Itsunori Onodera, took note of what the government considers increasingly serious security threats from China.
The Japanese defense minister says the Chinese “have attempted to change the status quo by force in ways incompatible with the existing order of international law and in ways that could be seen as provocative.”
Japan and China have a long-standing dispute over small islands in the East China Sea controlled by Tokyo. Tension has escalated since the central Japanese government, last September, purchased the unoccupied islands (known as Senkaku in Japanese and Daoiyu in Chinese) from their private Japanese owner.
Within hours of the issuance of the Japanese white paper, the foreign ministry spokesperson in Beijing responded by accusing Tokyo of making unfounded accusations against China.
Hua Chunying says China's maritime activities are carried out according to international law, the country is on the path of peaceful development and always stands for resolving territorial disputes through dialogue. But, she says, Japan has recently “played up the China threat, causing tensions and confrontation. And the international community cannot help but worry over where Japan is heading.”
The white paper also suggests Japanese forces should have the capability to attack enemy bases as an effective deterrent against ballistic missile threats.
That is in response to North Korea's nuclear and missile development programs, as indicated by defense minister Onodera.
However, South Korea - also a potential target of the rival North's forces - is joining China in criticizing the Japanese document. That is because the annual paper - as it has since 2005 - asserts a territorial claim over a rocky outcrop, covering less than one-fifth of a square kilometer, held by South Korea (known as Dokdo in Korean and Takeshima in Japanese).
South Korean army Colonel Wi Yong-seop, speaking for the country's defense ministry, denies Japan has any geographical, historical or legal right to the rocks.
Colonel Wi says if Japan refuses to withdraw its territorial claim there can be no expectations of defense exchanges or military cooperation between the two neighbors.
This is the first such report published since Shinzo Abe returned as Japan's prime minister. He has expressed a desire to alter his country's pacifist Constitution, drafted by U.S. military occupation forces shortly after Japan's defeat in 1945.
That makes some of Japan's neighbors uneasy, believing it could lead to a revival of Japanese militarism. There is a widespread perception in the region that Japan has never sufficiently expressed remorse for its brutal colonization of the Far East and much of the Asian continent before and during the Pacific War.
Japan, for the first time in eleven years, this year increased its defense budget and is drafting a new overall defense plan. It is also increasing the scope of defense drills with its primary ally, the United States, which maintains more than a dozen military bases and tens of thousands of uniformed personnel in Japan.
DEFENSE OF JAPAN 2013 (Provisional Translation)
CONTENTS
- Section 1 Trends in the International Community
- Section 2 Security Environment in the Vicinity of Japan
- Section 3 Major Security Issues in the International Community
- Section 1 The United States
- Section 2 Korean Peninsula
- Section 3 China
- Section 4 Russia
- Section 5 Southeast Asia
- Section 6 South Asia
- Section 7 Australia
- Section 8 Europe
Chapter 2 Issues in the International Community
- Section 1 Trends Concerning Cyberspace
- Section 2 Transfer and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction
- Section 3 International Terrorism
- Section 4 Complex and Diverse Regional Conflicts and Approaches of the International Community
- Section 1 Measures to Ensure Japan's Security
- Section 2 The Constitution and the Right of Self-Defense
- Section 3 The Basis of Defense Policy
- Section 4 Establishment of National Security Council
Chapter 2 The National Defense Program Guidelines and the Build-Up of Defense Capability
- Section 1 The National Defense Program Guidelines and the Mid-Term Defense Program
- Section 2 Status of Deliberations Concerning the Revision of the 2010 Guidelines
- Section 3 Build-Up of Defense Capability in FY2013
- Section 4 Defense-Related Expenditures (First Increase in 11 Years)
- Section 5 Stable Use of Global Commons (Outer Space, Cyberspace, and the Oceans)
Chapter 3 Strengthening of the Japan-U.S. Security Arrangements
- Section 1 The Japan-U.S. Security Arrangements
- Section 2 For the Deeper and Broader Japan-U.S. Alliance
- Section 3 MV-22 Osprey Deployment in Okinawa
- Section 4 Efforts to Strengthen Japan-U.S. Defense Cooperation
- Section 5 Measures Relating to the Stationing of U.S. Forces in Japan, including their Realignment
- Section 1 Effective Deterrence and Response
- Section 2 Frameworks for Responses to Armed Attack Situations
Chapter 2 Initiatives to Further Stabilize the International Security Environment
- Section 1 Promoting Multilateral Security Cooperation and Dialogue in Areas Including the Asia-Pacific Region
- Section 2 Promotion of Defense Cooperation and Exchanges
- Section 3 Counter-piracy Initiatives
- Section 4 Efforts to Support International Peace Cooperation Activities
- Section 5 Efforts for Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-proliferation
Chapter 3 The Maintenance and Strengthening of Defense Production and Technological Bases, and the Effective, Efficient Acquisition of Defense Equipment
- Section 1 Defense Production and Technological Bases, and the Current Status of Defense Equipment Acquisition
- Section 2 Initiatives for Increasing the Efficiency of Procurement and Improving its Fairness and Transparency
- Section 3 Research and Development
- Section 4 Initiatives Aimed at Maintaining, and Strengthening Defense Production and Technological Bases
Chapter 4 The Relationship between the Japanese People and the Ministry of Defense and the SDF
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